CALVARY BAPTIST CHURCH

 

Rev. Fred Weimert      December 30, 2007

 

Abuse of Power

 

 

 

Apparently the Gospel reading for today

         is one that has been left out of the assigned readings…

                 for a number of years…

         And probably with good reason.

As was the case with the reading from Isaiah for today…

those who assemble the lectionaries like to leave out…

more unpleasant passages.

And today’s reading is perhaps one of the most unpleasant passages

         in all of the Christina scriptures…

                 In Biblical studies it is called “The Slaughter of the Innocents.”

                          It is the story of Herod deciding

                                  to murder all children under the age of two

                                           in the city of Bethlehem.

 

In relationship to this story

         I would like you to hear a brief remark

                 made by Dr. Amy-Jill Levine which she made in an article

found in The Oxford History of the Biblical World

                                           (ed. by Michael D. Coogan, pg. 357)

“Although the historicity of the ‘slaughter of the innocents’ in Matthew 2 is questionable in the absence of other testimony—the story probably arose out of the evangelist’s strong interest in connecting Jesus to Moses (see Exodus. 1-2 on the deaths of the Hebrew children) and reflects the folkloric motif of endangered heroes—doing such a thing would not have been out of character for Herod.”

 

I would agree with Dr. Levine’s reasoning…

         Surely if Herod had done such a heinous thing

                 It would have been reported by Josephus,

                          or some Roman historian...

                                  but it wasn’t.

I would also agree with her

         that while the historicity of this event can be questioned

                 there is little reason to doubt that Herod

                          if he felt so inclined

                                  could have easily had those children murdered.

                 Herod the Great was known for

executing people whom he considered to be politically hungry...

         He killed two wives

                 Mariamme and Alexanda

         He killed three of his sons...

                 Alexander, Aristobulus, and Antipater

         Obviously Herod’s penchant for disposing of beloved aspirants

                 was well known even to Roman rulers...

                          Dr. Levine quoted a quip

made by Caesar Augustus:

                 “I would rather be Herod’s pig [hys]

                 than his son [huios].”

 

Herod could have murdered these children,

         but it is more likely that the story is told as Dr. Levine indicates...

                 because Matthew was working hard in his gospel

to prove to a predominantly Jewish audience

         that Jesus was the one who was to come…

                 the one who fulfilled

the expectation  of Jewish scripture.

         In the first chapter of Matthew verse 17 he uses a form of gematria

a Jewish system of numerology

         to show that Jesus was like Davidic...

We don’t catch it because we don’t read Hebrew

         but when Matthew wrote:

 

“Therefore all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations; and from David to the deportation to Babylon fourteen generations; and from the deportation to Babylon to the time of Christ fourteen generations.”

 

        He was speaking of three divisions

                 with a value of 14...

         Most Hebrew words have a three letter root.

                 and Hebrew letters substituted for numbers...

                          so words had values.

                                  One word with the value of 14

                                           was dalet = 4

                                                   wav = 6

                                                   dalet = 4

                                                            4 + 6 +4 =14

                                                                     Da vid or David.

 

In similar fashion you will hear three times in today’s reading

         Matthew tells how Jesus’ life fulfilled scripture.

                 First the quotation from Jeremiah 

                          about Rachel weeping for her children,

                                  which is related to

the death of the Bethlehem children.

                 Then the family fled to Egypt

                          to fulfill the words of the prophet Hosea (ll:1)

                                  “Out of Egypt I called my son”

                          Which in the original was obviously meant to apply

                                  to the exodus event.

                 Finally is the statement about Joseph’s family

                          returning not to Bethlehem but Nazareth...

                                           so that

"He will be called a Nazorean."

                          The problem with that logic

is that coming from Nazareth

         hardly made one a Nazarene...

To become a Nazarene you took a vow...

         didn’t cut your hair

         didn’t drink wine.

John the Baptist sounds more like a Nazarene...

         but when people

compared Jesus to the ascetic John...

                          They called Jesus

                                  a winebibber…

                                  a drunkard… (Mt. 11: 19)

 

Matthew is very concerned with showing Jesus to be

         like Moses, 

                 Hear his words:

 

Matthew 2: 13-23

Now after they had left,

an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream

and said,

"Get up,

take the child and his mother,

and flee to Egypt,

and remain there until I tell you;

for Herod is about to search for the child,

to destroy him."

Then Joseph got up,

took the child and his mother by night,

and went to Egypt,

and remained there until the death of Herod.

This was to fulfill

what had been spoken by the Lord through the prophet,

"Out of Egypt I have called my son."

When Herod saw that he had been tricked by the wise men,

he was infuriated,

and he sent and killed all the children

in and around Bethlehem

who were two years old or under,

according to the time

that he had learned from the wise men.

Then was fulfilled what had been spoken through the prophet Jeremiah:

        "A voice was heard in Ramah,

wailing and loud lamentation,

Rachel weeping for her children;

she refused to be consoled,

because they are no more."

When Herod died,

an angel of the Lord suddenly appeared in a dream

to Joseph in Egypt

and said,

"Get up,

take the child and his mother,

and go to the land of Israel,

for those who were seeking the child's life are dead."

Then Joseph got up,

took the child and his mother,

and went to the land of Israel.

But when he heard that Archelaus was ruling over Judea

in place of his father Herod,

he was afraid to go there.

And after being warned in a dream,

he went away to the district of Galilee.

There he made his home

in a town called Nazareth,

so that what had been spoken

through the prophets might be fulfilled,

"He will be called a Nazorean."

                                                                             ...here ends the reading.

 

I doubt that most of us are much concerned

         with proving Jesus to be like Moses...

                 for us that would be a step down for Jesus.

                          Moses was a mere mortal...

                          Jesus was something more for us.

So what does the reading do for us?

         Are we going to be comfortable with a God...

                 who helps his son, Jesus,

                          escape from harm...

         While leaving these other loving parents

                 in the dark...

                          grieving the loss of their beloved murdered children.

         What are we to think of Mary and Joseph

                 who just steal off into the night...

                          saving themselves

                          and leaving their neighbors’ children to be murdered”

 

At least in the Moses story,

         while Pharaoh wanted all of the male children killed,

                 the midwives

                          acting as God’s agents

                                  didn’t let that happened.

                 Their clever answer to Pharaoh’s question

Why no deaths?

was spoken with courage:

 

"Because the Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women; for they are vigorous and give birth before the midwife comes to them."  Ex. 1: 16

 

                 In so speaking out they saved all of the boys…

                          not just Moses.

But here it appears that Jesus alone gets saved...

         are you happy with that God...

                 This isn’t a good lesson

                          especially for children...

                                  “We could get along ‘quite well’ without you...”

                                           my parents said that from time to time,

                                                   but they didn’t mean it.

                          Should we feel we are expendable to God?

                                  I hope not.

                                  I hope we like John Donne believe

                                           “any man’s death...

                                             any woman’s death...

diminishes me

         because I am involved in mankind.”

 

If we can take anything from this story

         it should be that all of our strength should be used

                 to avert the abuses of power

                          which can lead to the slaughter of the innocent.

 

I read a report recently which stated:

“In the Vietnam War, 3 million civilians died; in the Congo, armed conflict has been responsible for 3.8 million deaths; in East Timor, an estimated 200,000 out of a population of 800,000 died in conflict.  Recent estimates are that 200,000 have died in Darfur over the past 31 months.”  pg. 13

 

         Those are very tragic figures...

                 but what can we do?

 

I’ll tell you the real tragedy...

         The real tragedy is that the title of that, 14 page, report was:

                 “The Human Cost of the War in Iraq

                          A Mortality Study, 2002-2006

         The report was issued by

                 Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University

                 School of Medicine Al Mustansiriya University

         and in cooperation with

                 Center for International Studies

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

and the conclusion of the report was

         that after deducting the normal...

expected annual death rate for the nation of Iraq,

         which was computed

                 over the 15 months before the war began,

…after deducting that normal death rate…

there have been excess deaths numbering 654,965

                 from 2003-2006

         “of these, 601,027 have died from violence.”           pg. 12

         “...violent deaths are almost entirely in males.”  pg. 11

                 You can find the report on the internet.

Now the results of this survey

may have that usual+ or – 4% error

                 but that will not give us the less than 50,000 numbers

                          we occasionally hear bantered about.

                 The slaughter of the innocent isn’t just ancient history...

                          and it’s not just Herod’s problem.

                          We can’t just sit back like Augustus

and make quips about it...

         as if we have not shared guilt...

         as if their blood isn’t on our hands.

                 Oh all the bombs and the bullets

                          may not have been ours…

                 but the destabilization of this land

                          was brought on

by our fear and hubris.

 

                 The child born in Bethlehem...

                          was born because God cared about life…

                          was born to call us to become involved...

                                  with God and our neighbor.

                                           may we realize that we can’t do one

                                                   without addressing the other.  Amen.